Tartar, also known as calculus, is a hard and mineralized deposit that forms on the teeth. It is formed by the mineralization of soft deposits called plaque that accumulate on the teeth over time. Tartar is a major cause of gum diseases (such as gingivitis and periodontitis) and tooth decay. Additionally, it can create an aesthetic problem, making the teeth appear more yellow or stained. Therefore, regular tartar cleaning is important.
What Is Tartar?
Tartar is a hard and mineralized deposit that forms on the teeth. It develops from the accumulation of plaque, a sticky film composed of bacteria, saliva, food particles, and other substances.
Plaque can be removed from the teeth with regular brushing and flossing. However, if the teeth are not cleaned regularly, plaque hardens over time and turns into tartar. Tartar appears just above or below the gum line and is usually yellowish or brown in color.
What Is Tartar Cleaning (Scaling)?
Scaling is the process of removing the hard and mineralized plaque layer from the surface of the teeth using specialized techniques and tools. This procedure involves the physical removal of tartar from the tooth surface and cleanses the tartar that accumulates above or below the gum line.
Some techniques and tools used during tartar cleaning include:
- Ultrasonic Devices: Ultrasonic devices are frequently used for tartar cleaning. These devices create high-frequency vibrations that help break down the tartar on the tooth surface.
- Scaler Tools: Special tools called scalers are used to remove the tartar physically. These tools carefully scrape the tartar from the tooth surface.
- Air and Water Spraying Devices: Air and water spraying devices assist in cleaning plaque and tartar from the tooth surface. These devices use high-pressure air and water to clean the tooth surface.
How Often Should It Be Done?
The frequency of tartar cleaning varies depending on an individual's needs and dental health condition. However, generally, tartar cleaning should be done every six months to a year. This period is suitable to prevent tartar accumulation and maintain dental health.
How Is Tartar Cleaning Done?
Tartar cleaning is performed by dentists using specialized techniques and tools.
First, the dentist conducts an oral examination of the patient. After the necessary examination, the dentist decides whether the patient needs an advanced dental cleaning or a standard cleaning. Anesthesia is usually not required during the procedure. The procedure is done with periodontal and ultrasonic tools. The subsequent steps are as follows:
- Tartar is cleaned from between the teeth and the gum line using the tools.
- After that, a polishing procedure is applied to prevent tartar formation, and the tooth surface is polished.
- If necessary, floss is used to clean between the teeth.
- In some cases, root planing (cleaning the tooth roots) may also be required.
Tartar cleaning is usually painless and takes about 30 minutes to an hour. However, the duration can vary depending on the person's tartar accumulation, dental health condition, and the state of the teeth. Local anesthesia or other relaxation techniques may be used during the procedure for the patient's comfort and ease.
